{"id":11682,"date":"2021-12-03T16:57:09","date_gmt":"2021-12-03T21:57:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/blog\/the-abcs-of-hunting-rifles\/"},"modified":"2024-09-18T09:42:17","modified_gmt":"2024-09-18T14:42:17","slug":"the-abcs-of-hunting-rifles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/blog\/the-abcs-of-hunting-rifles\/","title":{"rendered":"The ABCs of Hunting Rifles"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":19801,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[201,212],"tags":[482,853],"class_list":["post-11682","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hunting","category-hunting-rifles-shotguns","tag-fedecp-2","tag-firearms"],"acf":{"post_flexible_content":[{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":false,"anchor_link_text":"","text_content":"<strong>The firearm you choose for your hunting session won\u2019t do all the work for you, but it\u2019s certainly the most important piece of equipment you\u2019ll need. A good rifle provides safety, comfort, handling and accuracy. While shopping for a firearm can be intimidating, especially if it\u2019s your first time, there are some basics that will help you focus your search and get the best advice for your needs.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/fedecp.com\/\"><img class=\"wp-image-8168 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/blog\/app\/uploads\/2021\/12\/fedecp.png\" alt=\"F\u00e9d\u00e9CP\" width=\"150\" height=\"86\" \/><\/a><\/strong><\/em>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Article written in collaboration with <a href=\"https:\/\/fedecp.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FedeCP<\/a>.<\/strong><\/em>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"content_anchors_list","anchors_section_title":"In this article, you will learn the main things you need to know to start your search for a hunting rifle:"},{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":false,"anchor_link_text":"","text_content":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\">[stag_button url=\"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/en\/hunting\/firearms\/centerfire-rifles\" style=\"orange\" size=\"medium\" type=\"normal\" target=\"_blank\" icon=\"\" icon_order=\"before\"]Shop - Rifles[\/stag_button]<\/p>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":true,"anchor_link_text":"Rifle or shotgun?","text_content":"<h2 id=\"produit-1\">Hunting rifle or shotgun: What are the differences?<\/h2>\r\nIf you are new to the world of firearms, the first distinction to make is between a rifle and a shotgun.\r\n<h3>The shotgun<\/h3>\r\nThe gun has a smooth bore barrel, so if you look inside with a light, you will not see any grooves. The rifles are made to project several pellets (shots) which are contained in the cartridge.\r\n\r\nImagine throwing a handful of marbles, then throwing a baseball. You'll reach a larger area with the marbles, but you'll have more power and accuracy with the ball. Rifles are therefore useful for reaching a larger area if you are hunting birds with small home ranges that do not require a lot of force, such as partridges, migratory birds or wild turkeys.\r\n\r\nThe caliber of the gun represents the amount of identical pellets that can be created with 1 lb of lead. The smaller the caliber number, the larger the caliber of the gun. This is why a 28 gauge shotgun shell is smaller than a 12 gauge shell.\r\n\r\nThe most common rifle calibers are 10, 12, 16, 20, 28 and .410.\r\n\r\nThe exception: the .410 is also a rifle, but does not use the same system to express caliber. It is the measurement of the diameter of a bullet.\r\n<h3>The rifle<\/h3>\r\nThe <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/en\/hunting\/firearms\/centerfire-rifles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rifle<\/a> has a barrel with a twisted core, which means that grooves form spirals inside the barrel. This is what gives the projected bullet a spinning motion. The caliber of the rifle is a measurement, usually in inches, of the diameter of the barrel bore, e.g. .22, .270, .308.\r\n\r\nKeep in mind: in writing, these calibers have a dot before the number since they are tenths, hundredths and thousandths of inches, but they are not pronounced. When you go shopping, you will speak of :\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>.22: twenty-two<\/li>\r\n \t<li>.30-06: thirty zero six<\/li>\r\n \t<li>.223: two twenty-three<\/li>\r\n \t<li>.300: three hundred<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nAs in all fields, each company innovates to offer better products to its customers. That's why you will see calibers associated with a brand like Remington, Winchester or Weatherby: .223 REM, .270 WIN, .300 WBY.\r\n\r\nBe aware, even if they have the same number, the ammunition is not interchangeable, because the cartridges have a different shape. Ex: .300 Savage and .300 WIN MAG\r\n\r\nThe exception: guns can also have a twisted barrel. Often, you will find guns with interchangeable barrels. You can use a smooth barrel to hunt birds with shot and a twisted barrel to hunt big game with a single bullet.\r\n<h2 id=\"produit-2\">How to choose the right rifle caliber according to your needs and your hunting habits<\/h2>\r\nThe first consideration when choosing a hunting weapon is the regulations. You can consult the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quebec.ca\/en\/tourism-and-recreation\/sporting-and-outdoor-activities\/sport-hunting\/weapons-ammunition-gear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">table of authorized firearms by species for Quebec<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/files.ontario.ca\/books\/mnrf-2021-hunting-regulations-summary-en-2021-04-01-v2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summary of firearm restrictions by date and species for Ontario<\/a> to get a general idea.\r\n<h3>Specificities of big game hunting<\/h3>\r\nIn the case of moose, white-tailed deer and black bear, rifles of .243 caliber or higher are authorized in Quebec. In short, .22 and .223 caliber rifles are not powerful enough to be used for big game hunting.\r\n\r\nThen, do a quick search on the Web to consult the various tables of suggested calibers according to the species.\r\n\r\nFor example, here is a table that presents the most common calibers for hunting game in Quebec.\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Type of game<\/th>\r\n<th>Deer<\/th>\r\n<th>Black bear\/moose<\/th>\r\n<th>Small game<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Caliber<\/td>\r\n<td>.308 \/ .30-.30 \/\r\n.32 special \/ .303<\/td>\r\n<td>.30-06 \/\r\n.270 \/ .303<\/td>\r\n<td>.22<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nUltimately, what will serve you best is to evaluate the type of hunt you will be doing: a stalk on a bait at 100 yards? A fine mountain hunt - defined by long strolls and variable shooting conditions - where the animal may be 300 yards away? A cache hunt where your clear field of vision is limited to 40 meters? This way, you will be able to ask for precise advice on the shooting range of a weapon and ammunition.\r\n\r\nAbove all, don't be fooled by the preconceived notion that the bigger the better. Remember that a large caliber gun can have impressive recoil and that you need to be comfortable with your gun to fire multiple rounds at the range. Your accuracy is your best asset.\r\n<h4>Note on the MAGNUM qualifier<\/h4>\r\nThe term MAGNUM associated with the caliber is very attractive because it is attributed with a superior power. This was true fifty years ago, but today the term does not correspond to a precise standard and is often used for marketing purposes. SUPER, HEAVY or ULTRA are also added in an attempt to make power distinctions. Again, focus on your needs.\r\n<h3>Specificities of small game hunting<\/h3>\r\nFor small game, rifles with side-fire ammunition are preferred. These are the .22 and .17HMR calibers.\r\n\r\nAlthough they are allowed for small game hunting, rifles are not the weapon of choice because they add a considerable level of difficulty. You will have to hit a very small area with a single shot.\r\n\r\nDepending on your skills, they can be a very motivating challenge.\r\n\r\nHowever, these rifles remain a must for beginner shooters since recoil is almost non-existent and ammunition is inexpensive. You can take the time to practice your shooting positions and breath control without spending a fortune at the range."},{"acf_fc_layout":"nosto_products","content_anchor":false,"anchor_link_text":"","nosto_class_name":"blog_cp_centerfire-rifles"},{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":true,"anchor_link_text":"The right rifle caliber according to your needs","text_content":"<h2 id=\"produit-2\">How to choose the right rifle caliber according to your needs and your hunting habits<\/h2>\r\nThe first consideration when choosing a hunting weapon is the regulations. You can consult the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.quebec.ca\/en\/tourism-and-recreation\/sporting-and-outdoor-activities\/sport-hunting\/weapons-ammunition-gear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">table of authorized firearms by species for Quebec<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/files.ontario.ca\/books\/mnrf-2021-hunting-regulations-summary-en-2021-04-01-v2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">summary of firearm restrictions by date and species for Ontario<\/a> to get a general idea.\r\n<h3>Specificities of big game hunting<\/h3>\r\nIn the case of moose, white-tailed deer and black bear, rifles of .243 caliber or higher are authorized in Quebec. In short, .22 and .223 caliber rifles are not powerful enough to be used for big game hunting.\r\n\r\nThen, do a quick search on the Web to consult the various tables of suggested calibers according to the species.\r\n\r\nFor example, here is a table that presents the most common calibers for hunting game in Quebec.\r\n<table>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>Type of game<\/th>\r\n<th>Deer<\/th>\r\n<th>Black bear\/moose<\/th>\r\n<th>Small game<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Caliber<\/td>\r\n<td>.308 \/ .30-.30 \/\r\n.32 special \/ .303<\/td>\r\n<td>.30-06 \/\r\n.270 \/ .303<\/td>\r\n<td>.22<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nUltimately, what will serve you best is to evaluate the type of hunt you will be doing: a stalk on a bait at 100 yards? A fine mountain hunt - defined by long strolls and variable shooting conditions - where the animal may be 300 yards away? A cache hunt where your clear field of vision is limited to 40 meters? This way, you will be able to ask for precise advice on the shooting range of a weapon and ammunition.\r\n\r\nAbove all, don't be fooled by the preconceived notion that the bigger the better. Remember that a large caliber gun can have impressive recoil and that you need to be comfortable with your gun to fire multiple rounds at the range. Your accuracy is your best asset.\r\n<h4>Note on the MAGNUM qualifier<\/h4>\r\nThe term MAGNUM associated with the caliber is very attractive because it is attributed with a superior power. This was true fifty years ago, but today the term does not correspond to a precise standard and is often used for marketing purposes. SUPER, HEAVY or ULTRA are also added in an attempt to make power distinctions. Again, focus on your needs.\r\n<h3>Specificities of small game hunting<\/h3>\r\nFor small game, rifles with side-fire ammunition are preferred. These are the .22 and .17HMR calibers.\r\n\r\nAlthough they are allowed for small game hunting, rifles are not the weapon of choice because they add a considerable level of difficulty. You will have to hit a very small area with a single shot.\r\n\r\nDepending on your skills, they can be a very motivating challenge.\r\n\r\nHowever, these rifles remain a must for beginner shooters since recoil is almost non-existent and ammunition is inexpensive. You can take the time to practice your shooting positions and breath control without spending a fortune at the range."},{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":true,"anchor_link_text":"The mechanisms of a rifle","text_content":"<h2 id=\"produit-3\">The 3 main mechanisms of a rifle<\/h2>\r\nModern rifles offer three main mechanisms: latch, lever action and semi-automatic.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Latch<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/en\/hunting\/firearms\/centerfire-rifles#\/filter:rifle_type:Bolt$2520Action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">latch mechanism<\/a> is simple and allows you to put another ball back into the chamber with little movement. Keep in mind, however, that the bolt must be placed on the correct side depending on whether you are right or left handed.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Lever action<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/en\/hunting\/firearms\/centerfire-rifles#\/filter:rifle_type:Lever$2520Action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lever mechanism<\/a> is equally usable by left and right handed shooters, as it operates the same way regardless of the side. However, you must plan your shooting position, as the lever requires a good clearance under the weapon to be operated.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Semi-automatic<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sail.ca\/en\/hunting\/firearms\/centerfire-rifles#\/filter:action_ir:Semi-automatic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">semi-automatic<\/a> rifle offers a superior shooting speed to the others, because the weapon is reloaded without any other movement than the pressure on the trigger. For this same reason, it requires a great deal of vigilance on the part of its user. This is not the mechanism to choose if you are just starting to get familiar with firearms.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h2><\/h2>"},{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":true,"anchor_link_text":"Comfort: a factor to consider","text_content":"<h2 id=\"produit-4\">Comfort: a factor to consider<\/h2>\r\nA good advisor will help you find a firearm that you will be comfortable using under the specific conditions of your hunt. Here are three things to keep in mind when choosing a firearm, as they can affect your comfort level.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Weight:<\/strong> the heavier the weapon, the less recoil you will feel, but the more difficult it will be to carry if you walk long distances on your hunt. Choose a weapon whose weight will not reduce your pace too much.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>The length of the stock:<\/strong> for better stability when shooting, the stock of the rifle must be adapted to you. One way to check this is to press the butt plate into the crook of your elbow and check if your index finger can easily pull the trigger.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>The butt plate:<\/strong> a simple rubber butt plate will be sufficient to absorb a good part of the recoil on the usual hunting calibers. If you receive an old firearm that has been passed down from generation to generation, the butt plate may be made of metal. Feel free to replace it with a rubber butt plate and have the stock length adjusted.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The muzzle brake is another accessory used to reduce recoil. However, it is more commonly used for very powerful calibers like .300 WIN MAG. It is unlikely that you will use this accessory when buying your first hunting rifle.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nDon't be tempted by the desire to impress. Comfort is the name of the game when buying a rifle. The right caliber and mechanism will make you want to go back to the range and make your hunting trips more enjoyable. Once you have chosen your rifle, make sure you have mastered some basic skills before using it."},{"acf_fc_layout":"faq_zone","content_anchor":true,"anchor_link_text":"FAQ","faq_title":"FAQ","faq_text_content":"","post_faq":[{"post_faq_question":"What is the best hunting rifle to use?","post_faq_response":"<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The best hunting rifle to use depends on various factors such as the type of game, hunting environment, and personal preferences. Calibres like .270 Winchester and .30-06 Springfield are versatile and fit for different game. Ultimately, the best hunting rifle suits the individual hunter's needs and comfort in various hunting scenarios.\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Consulting with experienced hunters or firearms experts can help tailor the choice to specific hunting requirements<\/span><\/i>","post_faq_is_response_open":true},{"post_faq_question":"What is the best overall deer hunting rifle?","post_faq_response":"<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determining the best overall deer hunting rifle is subjective and depends on individual preferences. However, The Tikka\u00a0T3 and Browning X-Bolt are renowned for their accuracy and reliability, making them popular choices among deer hunters. Calibres like .243 Winchester, .270 Winchester, and .30-06 Springfield are popular for deer hunting due to their versatility.<\/span>","post_faq_is_response_open":true}]},{"acf_fc_layout":"text_content","content_anchor":false,"anchor_link_text":"","text_content":"<iframe width=\"315\" height=\"560\"\r\nsrc=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6tI-p03JIPQ\"\r\ntitle=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\"\r\nallow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media;\r\ngyroscope; picture-in-picture;\r\nweb-share\"\r\nallowfullscreen><\/iframe>"}],"author_type":"wordpress","partnership_options":{"partnership_label":"","partner_logo":null,"partner_link":"","partnership_text":""},"override_related_posts":false,"related_posts":null,"right_cta_visibility":false,"sidebar_cta_content_override":false,"sidebar_cta_title":"Are you passionate about the outdoors? ","sidebar_cta_description":"Join the SAIL team and enjoy advantageous benefits and employee discounts. 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